Caracterização do solo e do microclima de um sistema integração pecuária-floresta na região do cerrado

Abstract

This study had the objective of characterize five different areas in the municipality of Criatianópolis, GO (Lat. 17º11’S, Long. 48º42’W, elevation of 768 m) in terms of soil properties and microclimate. Two silvopastoral areas were studied, one with acacia plantation (A) and a second one with eucalyptus plantation (E), and two areas of pasture, one where corn was planted (PM) and a second one with continuous pasture (PD). The fifth area was a natural vegetation (MN). The soil was analyzed at two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) for physical (texture, density and porosity) and chemical characteristics (fertility, total nitrogen and carbon). Regarding the microclimate, temperature and relative humidity data were collected from August to November 2015, to compare the silvopastoral area and the open grassland, without shades (PM), rainfall and soil temperature in the pasture. The texture analyzes indicated differences among the studied areas, what complicates the comparisons. Average density and porosity values shows that there is no compaction in the studied areas. In chemical analysis it was possible to observe an increment of total nitrogen in Area A, reaching values equal to 1.09 and 1.79 g kg-1 of soil near the tree row, while the average of all other areas was 0.84 g kg-1 of soil. For the microclimate evaluation, differences in temperature range between Area A compared to the open pasture, what agree with the literature.